Anal Fissure
Anal fissure – also called an ano rectal fissure, is a linear split or tear in the lining of the lower anal canal. Most anal fissures happen when a large, hard stool over stretches the anal opening and tears the delicate anoderm. Less often, anal fissures develop because of prolonged diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease or sexually transmitted diseases involving the ano rectal area. Short term anal fissures are usually superficial and shallow, but chronic long term anal fissures may extend deeper through the anoderm to expose the surface of underlying muscle.
ANAL FISSURE CAUSES
Anal fissures are usually caused by trauma that stretches the anal canal, such as after passage of large or hard bowel movement or explosive diarrhoea.
Less commonly, fissures are caused by foreign body insertion or anal intercourse. Anal fissures can also occur in patients who have other medical conditions such as Crohn’s disease (an inflammatory disease of the intestines). As a result, part of the evaluation may include testing for these conditions.
- Rectal pain, usually described as burning, cutting, or tearing
- Pain with bowel movements; spasm of the anus is very suspicious for an anal fissure.
- Bloody stools-Typically, bright-red blood appears on the surface of stools. Blood usually is not mixed into stool. Occasionally, blood is found on toilet paper after wiping. Some Patient may report no bleeding.
- Mucous discharge-a pus like discharge
- Anal Pruritus – itching in anus
- A patient with an anal fistula may complain of recurrent malodorous perianal drainage, pruritus, recurrent abscesses, fever, or perianal pain due to an occluded tract.
- Pain occasionally resolves spontaneously with reopening of a tract or formation of a new outflow tract.
- Pain occurs with sitting, moving, defecating, and even coughing.
- Pain usually is throbbing in quality and is constant throughout the day.
Usually most of the doctors refer surgery. But the fact is most of the patients get worsen after surgery. Homeopathic medicines act well in fissure. Homeo medicines control pain, helps to heal the stretches and burning sensation.
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